Achievable Rate Analysis and Phase Shift Optimization on Intelligent Reflecting Surface With Hardware Impairments

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is envisioned as a promising hardware solution to cost and energy consumption in the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication network. It exhibits great advantages enhancing data transmission, but may suffer from performance degradation caused by inherent impairment (HWI). For analysing achievable rate (ACR) optimizing phase shifts IRS-aided wireless system with HWI, we consider that HWI appears at both IRS signal transceivers. On this foundation, first, derive closed-form expression of average ACR utility. Then, formulate optimization problems optimize maximizing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) receiver side, obtain transforming non-convex into semidefinite programming (SDP) problems. Subsequently, compare conventional decode-and-forward (DF) relay terms Finally, carry out simulations verify theoretical analysis, evaluate impact channel estimation errors residual noises on performance. Our results reveal reduces utility, begets more serious elements. Although has an IRS, it still leaves opportunities for surpass DF relay, when number elements large enough or transmitting power sufficiently high.